Mike Plott's disclaimers gave me the impression he was about to ask why *Citizen Kane* is considered such a big deal when it's a bore. (This view was actually offered by Sofia Coppola on her short-lived MTV show. I guess her dad, who appeared in the same episode in a hot tub, didn't spend much time discussing film aesthetics with his daughter.) But Mike's question about why *Ishtar* flopped is a very interesting one. I've often thought it would be great to do a course on hits and flops. The history of these films would look very different than the history of masterpieces, or the history of films that are retrospectively remembered. When you realize how much money Deanna Durbin's films made, it gives you pause. What would a history of cinema class look like if one watched *Howard the Duck* next to the big hit of its year? If you look back at newspapers from the time *Ishtar* came out, you'll see there was a huge deal made in the press made about how much money was spent on the film, and on how the cost overruns could be attributed to the perfectionism and/or neurosis of director Elaine May. The same kinds of criticism can be made when a male director has cost overruns, but it seems to me there was more than a grain of hostility towards a woman director involved. (Think of how the same kinds of criticism about "perfectionism" are aimed at Streisand.) Also, the press made the film out to be a vanity piece in which the ego's of the stars were being massaged. Like *Waterworld* (which has made a good deal of money overseas, despite its reputation of a bomb or bomb-to-be here in the U.S.), *Ishtar* was a sitting duck. All the press beforehand had been negative, and from time to time ambivalence about mass media rears up in some form, a fairly regular sort appearing in this hostility directed towards films with large budgets. (It seems that at the same time we pay or $5--I mean $7.50...I mean $8.00--to see a lot of money spent blowing things up, we must feel some anxiety about this exorbitant waste.) But a large budget alone is not enough to guarantee this treatment by the industry and popular press: *Cliffhanger* was also notoriously expensive, but nevertheless did quite well at the box office; *The Last Action Hero* also had this kind of negative press before opening and, while it didn't do the great business it needed to in order to get back what was spent, it didn't flop--although people tend to remember it as being a flop. (Which is a related issue: why are some films not remembered, despite having been successful, while others are remembered as unsuccessful, even when they weren't?) A lovely exception to the critical lambasting of *Ishtar* was an opinion piece in the Sunday *New York Times* by Janet Maslin (if memory serves), in which she pointed out that the film cost the same to the spectator no matter how much was spent on it, and that if Elaine May wanted to bring in bulldozers to rearrange sand to look more Sahara-like, that was her prerogative, and while this care wasn't particularly noticeable in the finished film, the film was not lacking in its pleasures. In other words: she punctured the whole way of talking about the film, the whole frame that had been established for it, by resorting to a less prejudiced encounter with it. (Or better still: with a different sort of prejudice.) So three cheers to Mr. Plott, for asking a question which deserves a better answer than I can really give. A good question is better than a good answer. Sincerely, Edward R. O'Neill (a non-lurker) UCLA ---- To signoff SCREEN-L, e-mail [log in to unmask] and put SIGNOFF SCREEN-L in the message. Problems? Contact [log in to unmask]