Norman and others: Sorry the Kuleshov experiment report was published in 1982 and is available only as a journal article in JOURNAL OF BROADCASTING 26(sUMMER 1982):685-696. The actual experiment was not a simple experimental/control group experiment; it was seriously more complex (multiple Latin square, or something like that is the technical description, I think). The statistics were as complex as the experimental design, using a four-way analysis of variance. Four-way analysis yields tricky and sometimes confounding results. In this case the results were in the direction generally predicted by Kuleshov and other theoretical considerations. What made it interesting was that variables other than simple picture content and order of presentation affected the results. I'll take my evidence from wherever I can, as long as I can have some confidence that it is approximately reliable and valid. I don't quite understand the experiment that Norman describes and shall reserve comment for when I do get to understand it and the results. It was not my intention to get into a debate about experimental vs. other kinds of evidence. I mentioned the paper since the discussions of Kuleshov "experiment" that I'm familiar with are flabby and not basically richer than Pudovkin's original 1924 report. Finally: This is a topic that I haven't had occasion to be interested in since completing the paper in 1981 (i.e., 12 years ago). ------------------------------------------------------------------- Cal Pryluck, Radio-Television-Film, Temple University, Philadelphia <[log in to unmask]> <PRYLUCK@TEMPLEVM>