>It seems to me that the tribes were, on the whole, more "civilized" than >their European counterparts, and only now are we beginning to see that fact. This smacks of a sort of neo-Rousseau sentimentality: The Noble Savage Redux. How do you measure civilization? Sure, the Amerindians had no Hitler, Stalin, Vlad the Impaler -- but where's the Amerindian Einstein, Beethoven, Shakespeare? Europe may have gone to extremes of high and low, but we all seem to average out about the same. kjf-