While I am not an expert in your material, what I have found is consistently film books ignore the very subjects mention. However I do know that some people confuse some mention as representation. For example Raging Bull does not have much relevance to African American culture other than to give you a glimpse through an Italian American filmmaker (which is racist). One of the hardest thing to be is self aware of these accusations. He might be wrong. However if he is right it would be a miracle for someone to admit. Realization about ones own race perception is the hardest thing I have ever seen. No one ever say, "perhaps, I will take a look at that." They always argue the way you have. On my next reading I will take a look at those theories. ---- Screen-L is sponsored by the Telecommunication & Film Dept., the University of Alabama: http://www.tcf.ua.edu