Im coming in late on this thread, but it seems to me that the answer resides somewhere beyond ideology (altho I don't dispute this dimension) but in the realm of cognition, regarding the peculiar power of images in general over words, and in this regard as implicitly veridical over words, notably over words heard, as in voiceover narration. Ironically, when words are presented within the film text itself, as in a letter/proclamation/legal document so forth they are accorded the same veracity, subject to the same "truth effect" as other images. I ramble and must think more on't. HR GREENBERG MD endit. ---- To signoff SCREEN-L, e-mail [log in to unmask] and put SIGNOFF SCREEN-L in the message. Problems? Contact [log in to unmask]