With regard to Stephen's query about texts dealing with Metropolis, _Close Encounters: Film, Feminism, and Science Fiction_ edited by Constance Penley, Elisabeth Lyon, Lynn Spigel and Janet Bergstrom (Minneapolis: U Minn Press, 1991) contains two articles of interest: "_Metropolis_: Mother-City -- 'Mittler' -- Hitler" by Roger Dadoun, and "_Metropolis_, Scene 103" by Enno Patalas. Hope this helps. Chad Dell University of Wisconsin-Madison [log in to unmask]