About earlier studies of fandom: I don't know of anything in particular, but have the impression that fans have been a topic of interest in eras before Star Trek and Madonna. If I were looking seriously, I'd start with the CD-ROM disks of Dissertation Abstracts, running all the possible key words. I think that title and author key-words is all there is on DA. The MLA International Bibliography (1981-present on CD-ROM and earlier in multiple volumes) may also have material relevant to fandom. Cal Pryluck <PRYLUCK@TEMPLEVM> Dept of Radio-Television-Film <[log in to unmask]> Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19122